These medications work by mimicking the GLP-1 hormone, which helps regulate blood sugar levels by enhancing insulin secretion and slowing gastric emptying

Abbreviations AASLD: American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases APASL: Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver BMI: body mass index CCR: C-C chemokine receptor CPGs: clinical practice guidelines CVD: cardiovascular disease EASL: European Association for the Study of Diabetes F: fibrosis FXR: Farnesoid X receptor GIP: glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide GLP: glucagon-like peptide-1 HBV: hepatitis B virus HCV: hepatitis C virus HIV: human immunodeficiency virus HS: hepatic steatosis LOXL2: lysyl oxidase-like molecule 2 MAFLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NASH: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis OCA: obeticholic acid PPAR: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors RCT: randomized controlled trial T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus TSH: Thyroid hormone receptor Declarations Acknowledgement This manuscript was supported in English editing from the research team of the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University

Patients who have not achieved desired health outcomes with semaglutide or other medications may consider tirzepatide, especially if significant weight loss and better glycemic control are goals
Li Y, Tweedie D, Mattson MP, Holloway HW, Greig NH
Avoid fruit juices and dried fruit, which lack fiber and can stall progress
Melatonin inhibits mitophagy, reduces apoptosis and oxidative stress, and restores mitochondrial function [121]